Lighthouse of Alexandria

The Lighthouse of Alexandria, also known as the Pharos of Alexandria, is one of the most iconic and historic lighthouses in the world.

History

• Construction began on the Lighthouse of Alexandria in 280 BC during the Ptolemaic Kingdom, under the rule of Ptolemy II Philadelphus.
• The construction took approximately 12 years to complete and was designed by the renowned Greek architect Sostratus of Cnidus.

Architecture

The Lighthouse of Alexandria stood at an impressive height of 120-130 meters (394-430 feet) above sea level, making it one of the tallest structures in the ancient world.

• The lighthouse's core was constructed from limestone and granite blocks, while its outer casing was made of white marble.
• The tower was topped with a bronze statue of the Greek god Poseidon, which was believed to have been added during the construction process.

Light Characteristics

The Lighthouse of Alexandria was equipped with a sophisticated system of optics and mirrors that focused the light of a fire burning at the top of the tower onto a beam that could be seen from up to 30 miles (48 kilometers) away.

Current Status

The Lighthouse of Alexandria is currently in ruins, with only a few remains standing today.

• The structure suffered significant damage during earthquakes in 1303 AD and was eventually abandoned.
• In the 19th century, the lighthouse's remains were used as a source of building materials for other structures in the city.

Location

The Lighthouse of Alexandria is located on Qaitbay Citadel Street in Alexandria, Egypt.

Heritage Status

The Lighthouse of Alexandria has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1979, recognizing its cultural and historical significance.

• The site is also protected under Egyptian law, ensuring that it will be preserved for future generations to enjoy.
• Notable Historical Events:
• 280 BC: Construction begins on the Lighthouse of Alexandria.
• 247 BC: The lighthouse is completed and officially opens.
• 1303 AD: Earthquakes damage the lighthouse, leading to its eventual abandonment.
• 19th century: The lighthouse's remains are used as building materials for other structures in the city.

Visiting Information

The Lighthouse of Alexandria is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world.

• However, due to its fragile state, access to the site is limited, and visitors must be accompanied by a guide at all times.